Practical insights on the role of the entrepreneur in the global business context Entrepreneurial ideas that look great on the drawing board can turn out to be deal breakers when introduced in real markets, even when they've been put through the toughest business modeling tests. The Global Enterprise examines how a healthy relationship between entrepreneurship and globalization can combine with new methods of knowledge creation to enhance economic development and build firm sustainability. This unique book takes a fresh and innovative approach to the practical aspects of international business, including economic cluster formation, network formation, market entry, public policy controls and incentives, economic competitiveness, and the creation of value. The Global Enterprise offers perspectives from practitioners and academics working in a variety of disciplines in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and the United States. Their contributions address many of the vital issues of global business, including value-added chains, cross-border networks, knowledge management, technology transfer, transnational lines of production, distribution, marketing, and financial flows, and the strategic partnerships between government and corporations. The book is illustrated with more than 65 tables and figures, and articles are organized into three sectionsGlobalization: Building Firm Sustainability, Entrepreneurship and Public Policy: Economic Competitiveness, and Knowledge Creation: Knowledge Management, Knowledge Transfer, and Cluster Formation. The Global Enterprise examines: the global transfer of capital strategic partnerships between governments and multinational firms the prospects for economic progress in developing countries the impact of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME) the role of export regulations in national security and in safeguarding foreign policy the evolution of the Hard Rock Cafe cultural ontology global virtual teams (GVT) how to implement a knowledge management project a framework for discussing entrepreneurship from an environmental perspective and much more The Global Enterprise is an essential resource for academics, researchers, and professionals in the field of international business, and for economic development experts and government policymakers.

Learn the how, when, and why of entering Asian markets Retailers entering Asia are faced with not only a consumer and retail culture very different from their own, but with a variety of cultures that vary greatly among countries within the continent. International Retailing Plans and Strategies in Asia examines the strategies of Western retailers entering into Asian markets and provides specific case examples showing why some companies have failed in Asiaas well as factors that helped others succeed. Important concepts for international retailers exploring Asian markets are clearly explained, and the material is particularly relevant to current WTO and UNCTAD debates about the globalization of retail markets. Helpful tables, charts, and illustrations make complex information easy to access and understand. International Retailing Plans and Strategies in Asia examines: how foreign investment influences domestic retail systems how strategies for entering European markets can be adapted and applied to various Asian markets the important practice of incorporating local cultural values into trading relationships in Asian markets the investment of Japanese retailers in China and the trend toward internationalization in Asia by Asian retailers the evolution of foreign investment in Koreawith a look at foreign firms' specific investment strategies issues of local competition and the need for foreign firms to adapt to local consumer cultures, particularly as analyzed in case studies of Metro Cash and Carry, Toys R Us, and Carrefour what understanding foreign markets means in terms of adaptation and success for retailers and wholesalers The material in these pages will help to inform business decisions about how to (and how not to) enter foreign markets and whether or not it is proper for governments to intervene. The chapters in this book, originally presented as papers at a workshop held at Chung-Ang University in Seoul in November 2003, address issues of diversity in international retailing and distribution in Asia. International Retailing Plans and Strategies in Asia is designed to be essential reading for international marketing students, retail researchers, business managers, and policymakers, and to be a useful addition to university business school library collections.

Be prepared for the differences in marketing across European borders! Europe is not a uniform market. Each country is comprised of differing marketing systems of varying importance. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments clears the fog from marketing practices and strategic issues for this crucial area of the business world. This detailed examination of Western European industries and marketing practices not only clearly explores the shifting trends within the countries described, but can also be seen as a bellwether for neighboring regions on the continent. Respected international experts provide an up-to-date inside look at what the pressing concerns are and what unique strategies work for business in various sectors. The European Union's birth can be traced back to 1951 when six countries of Western Europe banded together to form what was then known as the European Coal and Steel Community. Since then, Western Europe has played a significant role as the nucleus for the important marketing trends and industry changes for the entire EU. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments provides conceptual frameworks, illustrative case studies, deep analytical insights into marketing issues, detailed empirical data, and thoughtful propositions for future testing. International business researchers, business and marketing consultants, developmental agencies, and companies prospectively interested in investment will find this book to be crucial for making decisions involving marketing in the countries of the EU or the rest of the continent. Chapters are richly referenced, and several include tables and charts to clearly illustrate data. Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments includes: a thought-provoking look at the multidimensional state of marketing in Western Europe a probing appraisal of Pan-European marketing with a proposed conceptual framework a review of the marketing consequences of internal market unification an exploratory study of marketing practice and market orientation a penetrating look at the role of domestic animosity in consumer choice detailed research describing price strategy in the EU an exploration of the impact of fear appeal in a cross-cultural context and more! Marketing Issues in Western Europe: Changes and Developments is a probing examination of the dynamic marketing developments in Western European countries to give you the insight needed to effectively prepare for the future.

Keep ahead of your competitors New Product Development will help you and your company overcome an expensive and common weakness: the lack of adequate new product development. This vital book examines the requirements of new product development in detail as well as in the context of corporate strategy. Packed with practical information that can immediately be put into effect, New Product Development can help you keep your company on the leading edge, no matter what type of industry you?re in This uniquely insightful volume will help you become a successful innovator by showing you how to plan and execute strategies for developing a continuous flow of new products and services to help you stay ahead of the competition. It demonstrates how innovation, far from being a staff function, is a dynamic line management task. It calls for the same aggressive thrust as marketing and sales, and every officer of the company, from the president on down, has a share in this responsibility.Medium size, small, and even large companies constantly face a mass of problems in achieving successful innovation. New Product Development will help you deal with issues including: inaccurate budgeting costs exceeding budgets faulty market and technical research findings flaws in design inadequately durable materials unforeseen consumer rejection caused by the lack of proper consumer trials leakage of plans to competition failure by outside suppliers missed opportunities for cooperation with outside specialists poorly coordinated development staff ineffective leadership and much more Beginning with an "executive summary" that will guide you quickly to the chapters most relevant to your business, this well-organized book should be on the shelf of every company officer who wants to see his firm prosper, innovate, and create new products that sell-now and for years to come

Develop a network of successful business relationships in China!This systematic study of the Chinese concept of guanxi--broadly translated, "personal relationship" or "connections"--offers a comprehensive social and professional model for doing business in China. In addition to a clear analysis of the origins and meanings of this vital concept, Guanxi: Relationship Marketing in a Chinese Context empowers you with practical tools for establishing guanxi in order to facilitate successful business relationships. Guanxi is based on an original research study as well as the authors'twenty years of experience of doing business in China. Their understanding of the implications of face, favor, reciprocity, honor, and interconnectedness--all vital parts of guanxi--will enable you to understand the unstated assumptions of Chinese business culture. Moreover, the book discusses the legal implications of guanxi as well as cultural expectations.This valuable handbook offers a wealth of information on guanxi: case studies of guanxi in action managerial implications of saving face and reciprocity measuring guanxi quality and performance indicators step-by-step instructions for building guanxi detailed strategies for penetrating the Chinese marketGuanxi is an indispensable tool for anyone wanting to do business in China, for students of international business or Chinese culture, and for scholars interested in international business culture.

Develop a network of successful business relationships in China!This systematic study of the Chinese concept of guanxi--broadly translated, "personal relationship" or "connections"--offers a comprehensive social and professional model for doing business in China. In addition to a clear analysis of the origins and meanings of this vital concept, Guanxi: Relationship Marketing in a Chinese Context empowers you with practical tools for establishing guanxi in order to facilitate successful business relationships. Guanxi is based on an original research study as well as the authors'twenty years of experience of doing business in China. Their understanding of the implications of face, favor, reciprocity, honor, and interconnectedness--all vital parts of guanxi--will enable you to understand the unstated assumptions of Chinese business culture. Moreover, the book discusses the legal implications of guanxi as well as cultural expectations.This valuable handbook offers a wealth of information on guanxi: case studies of guanxi in action managerial implications of saving face and reciprocity measuring guanxi quality and performance indicators step-by-step instructions for building guanxi detailed strategies for penetrating the Chinese marketGuanxi is an indispensable tool for anyone wanting to do business in China, for students of international business or Chinese culture, and for scholars interested in international business culture.

Create a successful strategy for competition in the global marketplace Globalization of Business: Practice and Theory will give executives and business students a current, in-depth look at ways to become globally competitive in today's complex market. This essential guide offers you insight into issues every global businessperson needs to understand, such as the practice and theory of globalization, the nature of the global business environment, the roles of global corporations, strategic approaches for global business, and global leadership. By identifying competitive and innovative practices, networks, and alliances, Globalization of Business will help you become a successful leader in the global business community. This vital book contains new and updated information to help you and your company play a profitable and integral part in the international marketplace.Comprehensive and thorough, Globalization of Business will assist you in understanding the significance and challenges of globalization for today's companies. Using proven research and actual strategies of top corporations, this reference covers pertinent information about the global context of business. This book: explores the world's current economic, cultural, technological, and environmental affairs examines competitiveness at national and firm levels and outlines steps that competitive organizations undertake to sustain their advantage discusses and analyzes strategies for effective business performance identifies the roles of CEOs and gives a framework for identifying global managers evaluates the prospects for sustaining global leadership and shows the differences between global leadership and hegemony outlines the necessary steps for creating an integrated global economy Covering general and specific issues, this guide explains assumptions and theories of globalization in order to help you approach global issues with flexibility, attentiveness, and confidence. Globalization of Business will enable you to avoid common pitfalls and build a successful global firm that will benefit the entire business community.

Explore new international economic and business trends and how your firm can benefit from them Internationalization of Companies from Developing Countries provides marketing and economic researchers and students with both theoretical and empirical insights into the motives, methods, and processes of internationalization of firms in the developing countries of Africa. Full of current facts and data, this informative book explores how government policies shape a country's strategies for global competitiveness. The book also discusses motives of internationalization, approaches to market analysis and market knowledge acquisition, and domestic and foreign interfirm relations. Informative and intelligent, Internationalization of Companies from Developing Countries offers you a unique conceptual framework for analyzing and understanding the internationalization process of successful Ghanaian firms and how these principles can be applied to other businesses in developing countries. This unique book will assist you in keeping current with the dynamics of the international market by supplying you with important guidelines and suggestions. It covers: the limitations of contemporary theories that explain the process of internationalization and export development how companies from a developing country become integrated in the global economy how governments can support the internationalization process three prototype orientations of management decisionmaking: planning orientation, action orientation, and network orientation various ways of entering and developing a foreign market the concepts of relationship and interaction as they pertain to international business, especially the relationships between government institutions and corporations Comprehensive and concise, this valuable book fills a void in the current literature about internationalization in developing countries, especially in Africa. Internationalization of Companies from Developing Countries will help you establish productive business relationships and improve the position of your company and its partners in today's global arena.

Enhance your food marketing operation with this thorough and business-savvy book!Marketing and distribution related decisions and policies are now of paramount importance in the world of food marketing. This is due to the present state of economic crisis in much of the world and the cost efficiency issues that must be considered in countries at varying levels of economic development. Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Issues in Food Marketing examines food marketing systems from around the world to bring you an understanding of the opportunities and pitfalls in these areas. Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Issues in Food Marketing evaluates the present state and likely developments of food marketing systems in different countries. This book also provides conceptual frameworks for studying food marketing systems across countries and/or cultures. When studying food marketing systems from varying cultures, one must take into consideration the political, cultural, and environmental aspects of the countries involved. Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Issues in Food Marketing provides the information you need. In this book you can examine: the U.S. poultry export trade food market segmentation in Europe the yogurt market in the European Union (EU) the connection between agricultural exports and economic growth in Pakistan ethnic niche markets for import quality policies and consumer behavior in different countries . . . and more!Cross-National and Cross-Cultural Issues in Food Marketing has the information you'll need to be able to analyze, design, and manage effective food marketing systems in an increasingly global economy.

Learn the ins and outs of the export-import business!Export-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures is a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of international trade theories and techniques. International trade professionals, researchers, students, and members of chambers of commerce will benefit from concepts and theories that explain international trade operations and give clearly defined goals and procedures for your business. This excellent text offers chapter summaries, references, World Wide Web addresses, and features learning aids such as figures, tables, vignettes, and other illustrations to help you compete in the global marketplace and better educate students in the field.With this informative text, you will explore trade agreements such as the GATT/WTO, NAFTA, and the European Economic Community (EEC), and how they affect trade. For example, you will read about the investment and intellectual property policies, as well as rules on government procurements, safeguards, and services of NAFTA. Export-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures examines export-import marketing and strategy concepts from setting up businesses to solving typical international logistics and transportation questions. Other areas you will examine include: documentation, risks, and different forms of insurance price setting in international trade export sales contracts documenting export-import trade the risks of foreign trade exchange rates and international trade methods of payment for exporting and importing goods the benefits and theories of countertrade the entry process for imports import relief to domestic industryExport-Import Theory, Practices, and Procedures covers everything you need to know to start and run an export-import business. With over 100 tables and figures and a plethora of Web sites and Internet addresses to visit, this excellent text assists you in understanding the theories, practices, and procedures of exporting and importing to help you make informed and profitable business decisions.

With Strategic Networks: The Art of Japanese Interfirm Cooperation, you will examine the structure and dynamics of Japanese business networks and discover successful Japanese business practices and opportunities. For professors of business and Japanese studies, as well as managers of firms throughout the world, this book analyzes new and innovative networks through case examples from the Japanese automobile, chemical, and electronics industries. Strategic Networks offers you insight into the management of these company partnerships and how they work to increase the competitiveness of businesses and allow firms within the network to share important knowledge.Unknown to many, several of the management concepts that made Japanese companies successful in the 1980s, such as total quality control (TQC) and continuing improvement processes (CIP), were only a part of the formula for a successful business. This book discusses types of Japanese strategic networks, another element of Japan 's thriving business structure of today, how they are influenced by Japanese cultural values and state interventions, and why all of the businesses involved are benefiting from these networks.Evaluating the theoretical foundation of these business relationships and intercompany cooperation, Strategic Networks offers you up-to-date information on the structures of Japanese firms by: examining Karl Popper 's ideas on critical rationalism and how Japanese companies follow his theories of problem solving, questioning, and developing knowledgeexplaining the system, growth, and game theories in order to completely understand a network and all of its facetsexploring the ability to work with and navigate strategic networks when they are managed without strict plans or with unforeseen circumstancesrecognizing how networks enable the activation of interpreneurs to develop future visions, innovations, and responsible leadership for the networkComplete with illustrations to emphasize important points along with insight into networks in the twenty-first century, Strategic Networks offers information and research that will help you understand how Japanese networks operate and how Japanese firms are conducting business differently. As a result, you will learn how the changing values in Japanese society influence company structures and procedures and come to understand the unique workings and effective structures of strategic networks.

Understand the Asian consumer s demands and effective marketing strategies The emergence of China as a viable consumer market has created tremendous opportunities for international or multinational firms looking for market entry or expansion in China. At the same time, the evolution of the Chinese economy and the increasing heterogeneity of Chinese consumers also pose a great deal of challenges for global marketers trying to assess and evaluate the Chinese market. Consumer Behavior in Asia: Issues and Marketing Practice will help marketers and market researchers understand Asia s consumer market by providing you with a consumer segmentation of China s 1.25 billion population as it explores Asia s cultural values, consumer perceptions, and attitudes. From this book, you will discover everything from perceptions and preferences toward advertising and different consumer goods to the emergence and growth of different upper class sectors. Consumer Behavior in Asia provides you with demographics, psychographics, and life-styles of Asian consumers to assist you in successfully entering the Asian market. Academics and business executives will be able to examine the emergence of the Asian markets and focus on the similarities and differences of Asian consumers with Western counterparts. Consumer Behavior in Asia will enable you to accurately assess market demands and enact effective marketing strategies. With this essential book you will explore several studies that reveal information on Asian consumers, including: marketing strategies for firms to adjust and thrive as fast food providers in Asia market segmentation considerations for rural and urban areas a complete outline of China s population segments, buying preferences, and spending power consumer decisions based on the country-of-brand and brand of product Asian generation X-ers'perceptions toward advertising influences of cultural forces on consumer behavior, such as the importance of gift giving Consumer Behavior in Asia provides you with a complete overview of China s economy and highlights the attractiveness of the growing market. The plethora of business opportunities in China is epitomized by the encouraging words one would say to an ambitious merchant--"Go west, young man--to the East "

Japan and China: The Meeting of Asia's Two Economic Giants analyzes the new and changing relationship between the two nations and the rest of the world that may shape a new economic landscape for Asia in the 21st century. Managers and employees of multinational firms, as well as students interested in international business, will learn about the cultural ties between the two countries and how traditions have shaped management methods and work ethics. Understanding the cultures and traditions of each country will help you improve business relations with Japanese or Chinese firms. It will also help you compete with these firms in the international business arena. Japan and China: The Meeting of Asia's Two Economic Giants is based on an extensive survey of current literature, personal observations, and case studies researched by the author. Containing first-hand information on the interworkings of old and new Japanese and Chinese business practices, this book unveils some of the myths behind Japanese-style management and Chinese business methods. In light of increased cooperation between the nations, Japan and China: The Meeting of Asia's Two Economic Giants discusses some of the barriers to business between the two countries and what effects these barriers can have individually on China, Japan, and other nations. In addition, the text contains suggestions for further improvement of business relations between China and Japan by examining: China's current drive to learn and adapt some of the West's modern management knowledge and technology and to re-examine ancient military strategies relating to business ways to improve working relations between Japanese managers and Chinese workers how to make Japanese-style Human Resource Management (HRM) understandable to other countries the effect that disappearing Japanese style management practices, such as lifetime employment and seniority-based promotion/pay systems, have on Japanese businesses societal differences that add difficulty to business relations between China and JapanFeaturing unique, first-hand accounts and insights into Japanese and Chinese business practices, Japan and China: The Meeting of Asia's Two Economic Giants will keep you informed of the changing world of international business as it approaches the 21st century.

Senior executives, middle managers, supervisors, administrators, and other students of administrative behavior need to know why harnessing human energies demands a full understanding of organizational and cultural contexts combined with a knowledge of personality characteristics--of self and others. In response to this need, Contextual Management: A Global Perspective addresses the art of getting things done in today's organizational world. It offers managers guidelines for working under a varied set of circumstances and explores ways to increase administrative effectiveness in organizations worldwide.Contextual Management integrates different administrative levels and various organizational cultures with appropriate management styles and personal attributes to help you recognize the position context where you can be most effective. Using its self-assessment questions, you can gauge your strengths, weaknesses, and requisites for particular administrative position roles and contexts. You can also use tools from the book's appendix to help you assess personality attributes as well as the characteristics of a particular position context. You will put your individual experiences into perspective and enhance your understanding of organizational realities as you read about: individual managerial behavioral relationships organizational designs, job configurations, and CEO orientations recruiting, placing, motivating, and supporting your staff identifying a particular unit's work culture and recognizing its characteristics why a supervisor must be personable to be able to carry out instructions from superiors while gaining allegiance from subordinates assuring 'good fits'of administrative personnel in various organizational systems goals--the logical stepping stones for initiating the process of implementation the constraints particular work systems place on the relationships between managers and others within an organization Appropriate styles of performance, as Contextual Management illustrates, are contextual, not universal. The fact that you are effective in one environment doesn't mean you will be effective in another. With this book, though, you can change your thinking about functions of leadership, decision making, communication, planning, and implementation and realize congruence in whichever environmental niche your organization moves into next!

If you feel you have a disjointed, or unbalanced, view of the global system of demand and supply, you are probably correct. Most studies leave out a very important part of the system--the marketing channel. That is why Laurens van der Laan developed and wrote this book, The Trans-Oceanic Marketing Channel. To help you understand what happens to export crops, such as cocoa, coffee, cotton, groundnuts, tea, and tobacco, between their country of origin and consumer markets, this book analyzes the roles of different actors in trans-oceanic trade, inherent differences between world markets, export diversification policies, and the commercial and institutional forces at play.The Trans-Oceanic Marketing Channel will give you a strong background in marketing channel concepts, and because of its focus on the exporter rather than on the government, it will provide you with an excellent model for microanalysis. As you read about the special features of trans-oceanic trade, you will also learn about: trade associations and their role in shaping world markets for trans-oceanic crops the uneasy relationship between exporters and shipping companies the selling conduct of agricultural exporters in Africa the tendency of actors in Africa to accelerate the trans-oceanic product flow the effectiveness of export marketing boards as channel leaders private enterprise, the chief agent of development the theory of "exporter preference"The Trans-Oceanic Marketing Channel invites policymakers, international businessmen, professors, and students to examine the opportunities, problems, and policies that confront the various players in trans-oceanic trade, especially the exporters. As the book discusses the divergent institutional arrangements in the world markets for agricultural products and their differential effect on African exports, you will become keenly aware of how vertical marketing systems differ from conventional marketing channels. No other book brings together the three fundamental sections of export agriculture, the country of production, the channel through which the products flow, and the country of destination, to provide you with a complete understanding of trans-oceanic marketing.

The primary competitive advantage that firms have today is the perspective, outlook, and commitment of their management leaders. International Management Leadership helps you develop the leadership skills that will enable your firm to stay competitive in today's global business environment. From the necessary international perspective, this book provides you with the information you need to understand the competitive factors that distinguish one firm from another and to recognize the determinants of success.Giving you formats and outlines and a fresh perspective of your work, your organization, and yourself, International Management Leadership is much more practical than other management textbooks. You'll learn how to help make your company more effective in the arena of international management leadership as you read about: requirements of and special demands on international managers managerial leadership in the era of knowledge strategic leadership and implementation of strategy management as a fulfillment of purpose leadership of conflict management transformational leadership team leadership Whether you're an individual involved in a management training program, a management consultant, an executive manager, or a student of international management or business, you'll appreciate this book's take on the competitive factors of leadership in international business today. As a textbook, International Management Leadership provides students with a broad perspective on the practice of managerial leadership and organizational life in the global arena--bringing examples to life and going far beyond what is needed to simply pass a course.

The primary competitive advantage that firms have today is the perspective, outlook, and commitment of their management leaders. International Management Leadership helps you develop the leadership skills that will enable your firm to stay competitive in today's global business environment. From the necessary international perspective, this book provides you with the information you need to understand the competitive factors that distinguish one firm from another and to recognize the determinants of success.Giving you formats and outlines and a fresh perspective of your work, your organization, and yourself, International Management Leadership is much more practical than other management textbooks. You'll learn how to help make your company more effective in the arena of international management leadership as you read about: requirements of and special demands on international managers managerial leadership in the era of knowledge strategic leadership and implementation of strategy management as a fulfillment of purpose leadership of conflict management transformational leadership team leadership Whether you're an individual involved in a management training program, a management consultant, an executive manager, or a student of international management or business, you'll appreciate this book's take on the competitive factors of leadership in international business today. As a textbook, International Management Leadership provides students with a broad perspective on the practice of managerial leadership and organizational life in the global arena--bringing examples to life and going far beyond what is needed to simply pass a course.

Privatization and Entrepreneurship: The Managerial Challenge in Central and Eastern Europe analyzes the challenges faced by managers in the transforming economies of Central and Eastern Europe and provides penetrating insights into the details of managing in the former socialist countries. This collection's combination of conceptual/theoretical material with empirical, firsthand case analysis prepares Western managers for a more profitable and less stressful entry into these significant markets.This enlightening book highlights the complexity and breadth of the issues and problems of successfully entering new markets in Central and Eastern Europe. Along the way, you are introduced to such topics as consumer behavior and shown the different forms of foreign direct investment with their associated problems and benefits. If you are searching for ways to better prepare for business in these markets, this book can help you meet your objectives with its helpful information on: ethical concerns and linguistic difficulties of managing in transforming economies management challenges of privatization management challenges of entrepreneurship strategic issues associated with the reorientation of enterprises corporate constituencies, changing consumers, labor unions, and pay practicesPrivatization and Entrepreneurship will prove valuable to policymakers in economic development and foreign aid agencies, executives of companies planning to expand into Europe and those already active in the region, and academicians and students in management, economics, and political science.

Global Perspectives in Cross-Cultural and Cross-National Consumer Research deals with several important issues crucial for greater understanding of international and cross-cultural consumer behavior. This understanding in turn can provide international marketers with valuable insights, such as conditions under which globalization may or may not work. The coverage in this book is interdisciplinary in nature, and the chapters discuss several constructs (intermediary variables, processes, and also other environmental influences) related to social, personal, and psychological components or consequences of culture.The book begins with a conceptual model of the effect of culture on consumer behavior, with the components and consequences of the cultural influences clearly identified in terms of social, personal, and psychological factors. The following chapters discuss general issues related to globalization and standardization, present conceptual approaches to propositions relating to multicultural contexts, and address consumer complaining behavior and responses to advertising. There are five chapters on empirical and methodological studies conducted in specific pairs of countries, with data obtained from Canada, Denmark, Japan, Germany, Poland, Romania, and the United States. In presenting readers with new information, Global Perspectives in Cross-Cultural and Cross-National Consumer Research spans these specific topics: the nature of cultural influence on consumer behavior globalization versus customization of international marketing strategy individualism versus collectivism right versus left symbolism product involvement consumer response to information technology interdependent versus independent culturesThe contributors are well-known scholars in the international/cross-cultural marketing field; their chapters present state-of-the-art developments in this area. The coverage of the material is interdisciplinary in nature and is likely to benefit a broad audience, especially academic researchers in international or cross-cultural consumer research and librarians of research-oriented schools, universities, or organizations.

If you find traditional lectures and course material ineffective for teaching students how to develop a sensitivity to cultural differences and apply "home grown" technologies to foreign situations, Business Simulations, Games and Experiential Learning in International Business Education is the guide to help you remedy this predicament! Helpful and easy-to-use, this text teaches you how to use computer-based games and experiential learning exercises to teach international business. You'll learn how to place students in realistic situations where they can experiment with new behaviors and receive immediate, constructive feedback and then take what they have learned beyond the classroom.Business Simulations, Games and Experiential Learning in International Business Education helps you introduce students to global competition and business cultures as you explore important ethical, political, and social issues with them. You can better prepare your students for the challenges of international business if you pay particular attention to the book's discussions of: different levels of power-sharing alternatives to traditional international business course materials and methods changing the norms and behaviors of organizations and institutions the role gender plays in effective gaming environments simulating a European Works Council within a classroom environment promoting decisionmaking and flexibility in management style understanding business rules and regulations of different countriesAcademics teaching and researching in international business will find Business Simulations, Games and Experiential Learning in International Business Education an immensely useful tool as you struggle with the challenges of readying students for the international work environment. As you know, it is not enough that students be schooled in the latest developments and technologies. Use this book's games and learning techniques to emphasize to your students that international businessmen and women must not only know their field, but also be respectful of others'cultures and values, be linguistically flexible, and be aware of foreign business rules and regulations.

This groundbreaking book is the first to provide state-of-the-art information on the current changes and developments in European food and agricultural marketing. Food and Agribusiness Marketing in Europe contains broad and up-to-date coverage of agricultural and food marketing by experts in a variety of European countries including Germany, Greece, Italy, the United Kingdom, France, Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain, and Hungary. With chapters selected by the famous marketing specialist Matthew Meulenberg of The Netherlands, this enlightening book allows food and marketing professionals to gain new perspectives on the changing roles of food retailing and food industry in agricultural marketing and the structure of agriculture and food markets.This insightful book introduces readers to the common factors influencing European food marketing today including the stagnating volume of food demand, severe competition between suppliers of agricultural and food products, the overall shift in agricultural marketing towards more market-consumer orientation, and the resulting concern about product development, branding, and customer relationships. Major national differences in food and agricultural marketing in each country are also analyzed, in particular, the problems of implementing European Community legislation in the face of tremendous divergences among member countries in their needs, expectations, and priorities. Some of the other important topics covered in this in-depth book include: European food consumption and consumers food retailing in Europe the impact of the Common Agricultural policy and other government policies on agricultural marketing the conduct of agricultural marketing institutions and agribusinesses and their marketing performances agricultural and food marketing channels in European countries Food and Agribusiness Marketing in Europe is the first resource available that provides essential information on the tremendous changes in food and agricultural marketing in Europe. It is an invaluable reference on European marketing for students and teachers of agricultural marketing, European-oriented agribusiness managers, and internationally oriented agriculture policymakers who need to develop an understanding of food marketing developments in this area of the world.

For the first time, here is the complete history of the International Finance Corporation (IFC). In the fifty years since the end of World War II, the world of development finance has grown rapidly. One of the many financial institutions which cropped up to help war-torn countries with their reconstruction was the IFC. International Business Expansion Into Less-Developed Countries examines the success of the IFC in its wide variety of public sector development activities. Covering thirty-five years of IFC operations, the book thoroughly evaluates the formulation of the concept of the IFC and its evolution as a viable global development finance agency. It is the most complete and up-to-date treatment available of the IFC.The administration and operational procedures are described in detail as are case examples of financial development in all regions. Problems encountered by the IFC and new and future activities of the IFC are discussed. Scholars of economic development and international financewill find the unusual way in which the IFC was established and the case examples presented a highly valuable reference, as will students of international studies and organizations.

Social, economic, political, business, and cultural environmental factors affect the international marketing operation and performance of international firms. This highly insightful volume focuses on four of the most significant forces with which companies must deal on an international level--macro international marketing issues, sociopolitical international marketing issues, international marketing strategies, and special international marketing topics. Within this framework, experts examine the impact of two major environmental factors, namely the social and political conditions, on international companies to adopt corresponding marketing techniques and practices in different international markets. They also explore how specific details of a country, such as income level, cultural attributes, consumer characteristics, laws, and politics, influence the market potential of international firms and thus the scale of the company operations. Indispensable reading for scholars, economists, and business people who are interested in marketing on a global scale.

Instill social responsibility in your students!"Ethical behavior in international business is our strongest hope, especially at a time when alternative systems of governing individual and corporate behaviors are at their weakest levels." --Gopalkrishnan R. Iyer, from the chapter "Approaches to Ethics in International Business EducationIn recent years there has been a rapid growth of academic and practical interest in business ethics and social responsibility at the corporate level. Teaching International Business: Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility is a collection of academic writings on the issues and challenges of incorporating ethics and corporate social responsibility concerns into international business education. The logic of economic globalization presumes that economic principles and business ethics are universal, but in fact, cross-cultural realities and indigenous perspectives are often quite unique. Teaching International Business: Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility covers the major perspectives in business ethics as they relate to international business.In Teaching International Business: Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility, you will explore: techniques and approaches for teaching ethics and social responsibility to your students individual versus corporate responsibility cultural effects on generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) cultural effects on generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS) globalization and its impacts ethical issues in international marketingTeaching International Business: Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility brings you ethical issues and perspectives in economics, management, finance, accounting, and marketing. The broad range of approaches and issues presented here will be of immense use to educators teaching foundational international business courses. This volume will go a long way in gripping students'interests while delivering relevant educational information.

Use the Internet and cutting-edge strategies to make your program more competitive!To remain competitive in an increasingly global economy, universities must develop effective strategies for teaching international business. A successful program can attract not only the best-qualified local students, but also top-notch students from other countries, enriching the formal curriculum with cultural diversity and building valuable multinational bonds among students. Teaching and Program Variations in International Business is an informative guide to successful strategies for teaching international business. It draws on the practical experience of several highly respected international business programs, as well as research into students'perceptions of their university experiences.This book covers many aspects of designing an international business curriculum, from the most effective ways to organize international fieldwork to the differences between foreign and domestic students'expectations of the university. In addition, it offers solid information on encouraging cross-cultural awareness and cooperation. Teaching and Program Variations in International Business is an invaluable guide to many areas of teaching international business and will give you a working knowledge of: how to use advanced technologies to facilitate virtual teamwork among students in different countries how to harness the Internet to provide an effective, low-cost experience of international cooperation and foreign cultures how to integrate international field experience into a broader teaching strategy what skills students need to operate effectively in other cultures how you can foster global competence and teach critical managerial skills the contrasts between the perspectives of developed and emerging countries how to identify the essential components of a well-designed information system in a global environmentAny university can teach the facts of international business. Only the best-prepared can teach the truths. Teaching and Program Variations in International Business can help you build a curriculum to help your students learn the truths of working in and with a different culture.